@prefix adms: <http://www.w3.org/ns/adms#> .
@prefix csvw: <http://www.w3.org/ns/csvw#> .
@prefix dcat: <http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#> .
@prefix dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix dgsp: <https://data.gov.scot/def/> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix vcard: <http://www.w3.org/2006/vcard/ns#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

<https://admin.data.gov.scot/dataset/e64b5139-bfe2-4b77-82e0-b6a5867ac00f> a dcat:Dataset ;
    dct:description "Business births and deaths are produced by the Office for National Statistics within their Business Demography publication. Data are based on registrations and de-registrations for VAT and PAYE.<br/><br/>Please note that there has been a change in the reference period for these data from 2016 onwards. The Business Demography publication reference period records the number of active businesses over a period of a year. Up to 2016, this was measured from a single point in November in one year to a single point in November in the following year. For example, the 2015 publication measured the number of active businesses taken from a specific date in November 2014 to the same date in November 2015. From 2016 onwards, the reference period moved to December. This has helped bring the reference period closer to the calendar year, as recommended by the joint Eurostat and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) manual on business demography.<br/><br/>Please note that there has been an improvement made to these data. For the years 2016 to 2021, businesses that have neither VAT nor PAYE but do have a live company number have been removed from the figures. They have been removed because they may misrepresent business birth and death figures. ONS create these enterprises on the Inter-Departmental Business Register (IDBR) in order to monitor them, usually because they help to give the full picture on the enterprise group. Often these businesses do not have employment or turnover, but have some role in the enterprise group, perhaps as the parent of the group. This is in line with the vast majority of ONS business surveys which also exclude these cases.<br/><br/>Please note that registrations for 2007 increased substantially on 2006. It is likely that these figures partly reflect the impact of changes in tax rules in April 2007 surrounding Managed Service Companies. Businesses registered as Managed Service Companies at one address were previously excluded from this series; however following the change to the tax rules a number of these businesses have de-registered and re-registered as single entities elsewhere and this activity has been included in the series. For more information please see [ONS' Business Demography.](http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/bus-register/business-demography/index.html)<br/><br/>The population estimates used to form the rates are sourced from the [Mid-Year Population Estimates](https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/publications/mid-2024-population-estimates/), published by the National Records of Scotland. The term 'per 10,000 adults' is defined as people aged 16 or over resident in Scotland." ;
    dct:identifier "e64b5139-bfe2-4b77-82e0-b6a5867ac00f" ;
    dct:issued "2026-08-13T08:19:41.936544"^^xsd:dateTime ;
    dct:modified "2026-08-13T08:21:00.997975"^^xsd:dateTime ;
    dct:publisher <https://admin.data.gov.scot/organization/37d0c9c6-f164-4255-ad4f-76d2f979104f> ;
    dct:title "Business Demography - Births and Deaths" ;
    adms:versionNotes "Data is compiled from an extract taken from the Inter-Departmental Business Register recording the position of units at December of the reference year. The normal policy is that the latest two years' estimates on births, deaths and survivals would be subject to revision, and revisions would be made in the following year's publication.<br/><br/>Revisions to previously published population estimates are generally planned, although there can be occasions when they are unplanned, and are the result of either improvements in statistical methods or the availability of additional data. Corrections are unplanned and may occur when errors in either the statistical data or methodology are found after release of the data. For information on future revisions to National Records of Scotland Mid-Year Population Estimates, please visit the [National Records of Scotland's website](https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/publications/future-revisions-to-national-records-of-scotland-mid-year-population-estimates/).<br/>" ;
    dcat:contactPoint [ a vcard:Kind ;
            vcard:hasEmail <mailto:industrystatistics@gov.scot> ],
        [ a vcard:Organization ;
            vcard:hasEmail <mailto:industrystatistics@gov.scot> ] ;
    dcat:distribution <https://admin.data.gov.scot/dataset/e64b5139-bfe2-4b77-82e0-b6a5867ac00f/resource/c183812a-a69c-4e74-9fc6-301d28a2c6c3> ;
    dcat:theme <https://data.gov.scot/def/theme/business-enterprise-and-energy> ;
    dgsp:accuracy "For information on quality measures, please see [Business Demography, UK: 2024](https://www.ons.gov.uk/businessindustryandtrade/business/activitysizeandlocation/bulletins/businessdemography/2024)." ;
    dgsp:comment "Number and rate (per 10,000 adults) of VAT/PAYE registrations and de-registrations." ;
    dgsp:completeness "For other tables, commentary and more methodology please see [Business Demography, UK: 2024](https://www.ons.gov.uk/businessindustryandtrade/business/activitysizeandlocation/bulletins/businessdemography/2024)." ;
    dgsp:confidentiality "Any cell which is blank contains confidential data. This is data which has been withheld from publication in order that no information relating to an individual business is disclosed. Caution should therefore be exercised if summary data is calculated; it may include blank cells in which case it will not be a true representation of industry or area totals." ;
    dgsp:consistency "Data can be compared between different industries, local authority areas and to look at trends over time. For comparisons with other UK regions, please see [Business Demography, UK: 2024](https://www.ons.gov.uk/businessindustryandtrade/business/activitysizeandlocation/bulletins/businessdemography/2024)." ;
    dgsp:geographical_coverage "S12",
        "S92" ;
    dgsp:license_id "uk-ogl" ;
    dgsp:nextUpdate "2027-03-01" ;
    dgsp:quality_management "For information on quality management, please see [Business Demography, UK: 2024](https://www.ons.gov.uk/businessindustryandtrade/business/activitysizeandlocation/bulletins/businessdemography/2024)." ;
    dgsp:referencePeriod [ a dct:PeriodOfTime ;
            dcat:endDate "2024"^^xsd:gYear ;
            dcat:startDate "2002"^^xsd:gYear ] ;
    dgsp:timeliness "It is the aim to publish statistics on business births, deaths and survival rates for Scotland and Scottish Local Authority Areas as soon as possible after the release of the Office for National Statistics' Business Demography, which are due out each November." ;
    dgsp:uniqueness "Not assessed" ;
    dgsp:update_frequency "annual" ;
    dgsp:validity "Business Demography data is produced from an extract taken from the Inter-Departmental Business Register (IDBR) recording the position of active units over a year. This has been measured from a single point in December one year to a single point in December the following year. For data up to and including 2015, the reference period measured from a specific date in November to the same date in November the following year." ;
    dgsp:will_be_updated true .

<https://admin.data.gov.scot/dataset/e64b5139-bfe2-4b77-82e0-b6a5867ac00f/resource/c183812a-a69c-4e74-9fc6-301d28a2c6c3> a dcat:Distribution ;
    dct:description "Data file for Business Demography - Births and Deaths" ;
    dct:format "CSV" ;
    dct:issued "2026-08-13T08:21:01.012270"^^xsd:dateTime ;
    dct:modified "2026-08-13T08:21:01.006484"^^xsd:dateTime ;
    dct:title "business-demography---births-and-deaths.csv" ;
    csvw:tableSchema [ a csvw:Schema ;
            csvw:column [ a csvw:Column ;
                    csvw:datatype "text" ;
                    csvw:name "GeographyName" ],
                [ a csvw:Column ;
                    csvw:datatype "int" ;
                    csvw:name "Value" ],
                [ a csvw:Column ;
                    csvw:datatype "text" ;
                    csvw:name "Measurement" ],
                [ a csvw:Column ;
                    csvw:datatype "text" ;
                    csvw:name "Business Demography" ],
                [ a csvw:Column ;
                    csvw:datatype "text" ;
                    csvw:name "Units" ],
                [ a csvw:Column ;
                    csvw:datatype "int" ;
                    csvw:name "DateCode" ],
                [ a csvw:Column ;
                    csvw:datatype "text" ;
                    csvw:name "GeographyCode" ],
                [ a csvw:Column ;
                    csvw:datatype "text" ;
                    csvw:name "GeographyType" ] ] ;
    dcat:accessURL <https://admin.data.gov.scot/resource/c183812a-a69c-4e74-9fc6-301d28a2c6c3/download> ;
    dgsp:comment "Number and rate (per 10,000 adults) of VAT/PAYE registrations and de-registrations." ;
    dgsp:dictionary [ a dgsp:Column ;
            dgsp:column "DateCode" ;
            dgsp:type "int" ],
        [ a dgsp:Column ;
            dgsp:column "GeographyCode" ;
            dgsp:type "text" ],
        [ a dgsp:Column ;
            dgsp:column "GeographyName" ;
            dgsp:type "text" ],
        [ a dgsp:Column ;
            dgsp:column "Value" ;
            dgsp:type "int" ],
        [ a dgsp:Column ;
            dgsp:column "Units" ;
            dgsp:type "text" ],
        [ a dgsp:Column ;
            dgsp:column "Measurement" ;
            dgsp:type "text" ],
        [ a dgsp:Column ;
            dgsp:column "Business Demography" ;
            dgsp:type "text" ],
        [ a dgsp:Column ;
            dgsp:column "GeographyType" ;
            dgsp:type "text" ] .

<https://admin.data.gov.scot/organization/37d0c9c6-f164-4255-ad4f-76d2f979104f> a foaf:Agent ;
    foaf:name "Scottish Government" .

<https://data.gov.scot/def/theme/business-enterprise-and-energy> a skos:Concept ;
    skos:prefLabel "Business, Enterprise and Energy" .